Search results for " MR imaging"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

Brain-core temperature of patients before and after orthotopic liver transplantation assessed by DWI thermometry

2018

To assess brain-core temperature of end-stage liver disease patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) using a temperature measurement technique based on the apparent diffusion coefficient of the cerebrospinal fluid in the lateral ventricles. The study group was composed of 19 patients with a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score of 23.7 who underwent MR imaging before and after OLT. MR imaging studies were performed with a 1.5T MR scanner. Brain-core temperature (T: °C) was calculated using the following equation from the apparent diffusion coefficient (D) of the cerebrospinal fluid in the lateral ventricles: $$T = {{2256.74} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{2256.74} {…

AdultMaleOrthotopic liver transplantationDWI thermometryThermometryCore temperatureBody Temperature030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineCerebrospinal fluidmedicineHumansEffective diffusion coefficientRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPostoperative PeriodAgedRetrospective StudiesDWI thermometry; Diffusion-weighted imaging temperature; MR imaging; Orthotopic liver transplantation; Ventricular temperaturesbusiness.industryDiffusion-weighted imaging temperatureSignificant differenceBrainMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMr imagingLiver TransplantationDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingsurgical procedures operativeCerebral blood flowCerebrovascular CirculationPreoperative PeriodVentricular temperaturesFemaleOrthotopic liver transplantationNuclear medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMR imagingJapanese Journal of Radiology
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High-b-Value Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging of Benign Hepatocellular Lesions: Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis

2012

PURPOSE:To analyze the signal intensity (SI) of benign hepatocellular lesions in high-b-value diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) images and to compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs) with those of hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by institutional review board, with waiver of informed consent. Inclusion criteria were consecutive patients with diagnosed FNH or HCA who underwent MR imaging with a DW sequence of the liver at three b values, 0, 150, and 600 sec/mm2. The final study population included 67 patients (seven men, 60 women) with 90 hepatocellular lesions (54 FN…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyAdenomaSensitivity and SpecificityAdenoma Liver Cellhepatocellular lesionsYoung AdultQualitative analysisImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingWater diffusionAgedRetrospective StudiesHigh-B-Value Diffusion-Weighted MR Imagingbusiness.industryLiver cellLiver NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsMiddle AgedImage enhancementImage Enhancementmedicine.diseaseDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingFemaleSignal intensitybusinessAlgorithmsLiver parenchymaRadiology
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GTVcut for neuro-radiosurgery treatment planning: an MRI brain cancer seeded image segmentation method based on a cellular automata model

2018

Despite of the development of advanced segmentation techniques, achieving accurate and reproducible gross tumor volume (GTV) segmentation results is still an important challenge in neuro-radiosurgery. Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most prominent modality in radiation therapy for soft-tissue anatomical districts. Gamma Knife stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery is a minimally invasive technology for dealing with inaccessible or insufficiently treated tumors with traditional surgery or radiotherapy. During a treatment planning phase, the GTV is generally contoured by experienced neurosurgeons and radiation oncologists using fully manual segmentation procedures on MR images. Unf…

Cellular automataBrain cancersING-INF/06 - BIOINGEGNERIA ELETTRONICA E INFORMATICABrain cancers; Cellular automata; Computer-assisted segmentation; Gamma Knife neuro-radiosurgery; MR imagingComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatment02 engineering and technologyBrain cancerRadiosurgeryING-INF/05 - SISTEMI DI ELABORAZIONE DELLE INFORMAZIONI030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineSegmentationRadiation treatment planningModality (human–computer interaction)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputer Science ApplicationComputer-assisted segmentationINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingPattern recognitionGamma Knife neuro-radiosurgeryComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionImage segmentationCellular automatonComputer Science ApplicationsRadiation therapy020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessMR imaging
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Automated prostate gland segmentation based on an unsupervised fuzzy C-means clustering technique using multispectral T1w and T2w MR imaging

2017

Prostate imaging analysis is difficult in diagnosis, therapy, and staging of prostate cancer. In clinical practice, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used thanks to its morphologic and functional capabilities. However, manual detection and delineation of prostate gland on multispectral MRI data is currently a time-expensive and operator-dependent procedure. Efficient computer-assisted segmentation approaches are not yet able to address these issues, but rather have the potential to do so. In this paper, a novel automatic prostate MR image segmentation method based on the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering algorithm, which enables multispectral T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T…

Computer scienceAutomated segmentation; Fuzzy C-Means clustering; Multispectral MR imaging; Prostate cancer; Prostate gland; Unsupervised machine learningMultispectral image02 engineering and technologyautomated segmentation; multispectral MR imaging; prostate gland; prostate cancer; unsupervised Machine Learning; Fuzzy C-Means clustering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineProstate0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineComputer visionSegmentationautomated segmentationunsupervised Machine LearningCluster analysisSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionimedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseprostate cancerFuzzy C-Means clusteringmultispectral MR imagingmedicine.anatomical_structureUnsupervised learning020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessprostate glandInformation SystemsMultispectral segmentation
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Semi-automatic Brain Lesion Segmentation in Gamma Knife Treatments Using an Unsupervised Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Technique

2016

MR Imaging is being increasingly used in radiation treatment planning as well as for staging and assessing tumor response. Leksell Gamma Knife (R) is a device for stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery to deal with inaccessible or insufficiently treated lesions with traditional surgery or radiotherapy. The target to be treated with radiation beams is currently contoured through slice-by-slice manual segmentation on MR images. This procedure is time consuming and operator-dependent. Segmentation result repeatability may be ensured only by using automatic/semi-automatic methods with the clinicians supporting the planning phase. In this paper a semi-automatic segmentation method, based on an unsuperv…

Computer scienceGamma knifeBrain lesions Gamma knife treatments MR imaging Semi-automatic segmentation Unsupervised FCM clusteringFuzzy logicBrain lesions; Gamma knife treatments; MR imaging; Semi-automatic segmentation; Unsupervised FCM clustering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineComputer visionSegmentationRadiation treatment planningCluster analysisSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniSemi-automatic segmentationBrain lesionsbusiness.industryMr imagingUnsupervised FCM clusteringBrain lesionGamma knife treatmentBrain lesionsSemi automaticArtificial intelligencebusinessGamma knife treatments030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMR imaging
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Fully automatic multispectral MR image segmentation of prostate gland based on the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm

2017

Prostate imaging is a very critical issue in the clinical practice, especially for diagnosis, therapy, and staging of prostate cancer. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can provide both morphologic and complementary functional information of tumor region. Manual detection and segmentation of prostate gland and carcinoma on multispectral MRI data is not easily practicable in the clinical routine because of the long times required by experienced radiologists to analyze several types of imaging data. In this paper, a fully automatic image segmentation method, exploiting an unsupervised Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering technique for multispectral T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI data processing, is…

Computer scienceMultispectral imageFully automatic segmentation; Multispectral MR imaging; Prostate cancer; Prostate gland; Unsupervised fuzzy C-means clusteringFuzzy logic030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineProstatemedicineSegmentationComputer visionCluster analysismedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryINF/01 - INFORMATICAMagnetic resonance imagingfully automatic segmentationImage segmentationmedicine.diseaseprostate cancermultispectral MR imagingunsupervised Fuzzy C-Means clusteringmedicine.anatomical_structureArtificial intelligencebusinessprostate gland030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Neuronavigated-biopsy in the diagniosis of demyelinating pseudotumoral brain lesions. Case report.

2013

Introduction: Pseudotumoral-demyelinating lesions are typically characterized by severe difficulties in differential diagnosis from gliomas, metastatic tumors and abscesses. Marburg’s disease (MD) is an extremely rare and aggressive form of Mutiple Sclerosis (MS) with acute onset, rapid neurological deterioration, and poor prognosis. MRI images often show pseudotumoral lesions characterized by mild and focal or, sometimes, ring enhancement. Perhaps, radiological aspect can vary, making necessary hystopathological confirmation. Objectives: There is increasing interest in the role of surgical biopsy for a correct and early diagnosis of pseudotumoral demyelinating lesions. We report an histopa…

Multiple sclerosis CT and MR imaging neuronavigated-biopsySettore MED/27 - NeurochirurgiaSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia
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Using anatomic and metabolic imaging in stereotactic radio neuro-surgery treatments

2016

PET/MR imagingmedicine.medical_specialtyNeuro-radiosurgerybusiness.industryMetabolic imagingBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral MedicineRandom Walker algorithmFuzzy C-Means clustering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBrain tumor03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandom walker algorithm030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeurosurgeryRadiologyPet mr imagingbusinessNuclear medicine
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Peritumoral perfusion and proton spectroscopic MR imaging in the differentiation of gliomas and solitary metastases

2015

Purpose: To asses the value of peritumoural perfusion-weighted and proton spectroscopic MR imaging in preoperative grading of gliomas and in differentiating between primary gliomas and solitary metastases. Methods and Materials: Ten low-grade gliomas, eight high-grade gliomas, and ten metastases were prospectively evaluated with MR imaging, dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging, and single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy before surgical resection or stereotactic biopsy. Maximal rCBV values and maximal Cho/Cr ratios were calculated from peritumoural region surrounding the tumour. Tumour grade presumed with these values was compared to histopathologic grading. Differences in…

PWI MRI MRS Glioma Metastases BrainPerfusion MR Imaging Glioma MR SpectroscopySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia
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High-­grade gliomas and solitary metastases: differentiation by using peritumoral perfusion and proton spectroscopic MR imaging.

2013

Perfusion MR ImagingMetastaseSettore MED/37 - NeuroradiologiaMR SpectroscopyGlioma
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